Search results for "Antilymphocyte Serum"

Serotherapy with thymoglobulin and alemtuzumab differentially influences frequency and function of natural killer cells after allogeneic stem cell tr…

2007

Although thymoglobulin and alemtuzumab are frequently used in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), little is known of their effects on NK cells, which mediate important functions in post-transplantation immunology. In the present study, we determined NK cell death in vitro using propidium iodide and Annexin V. The NK cell activity in 34 patients at day +30 after allogeneic HSCT was assessed using the CD107a assay. Alemtuzumab and thymoglobulin were similarly very potent in inducing NK cell death in vitro. Even in low concentrations (1 microg/ml) the antibodies induced apoptosis and necrosis in a relevant percentage of NK cells (30%). However, the number of tumor reactive (CD107a+…

Treatment of acute rejection of cadaveric renal allografts with rabbit antithymocyte globulin.

1982

In a prospective randomized single-blind trial, we compared the effectiveness of rabbit antithymocyte globulin (RATG) in the treatment of acute renal graft rejection with the results of treatment by high oral doses of prednisone. Twenty recipients of cadaveric kidneys were included in each group. In the RATG group, the prednisone dose was not increased and a dose-by-rosette protocol was used to keep T cell levels between 50 and 150/mm3. In this group 15 of the 20 patients responded to the treatment. One of these patients lost her kidney afterward because of a technical failure. In five patients rejection was irreversible despite a subsequent course of high-dose prednisone orally. In the pre…

Chronic graft-versus-host disease: long-term results from a randomized trial on graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis with or without anti-T-cell glo…

2011

Abstract Previous randomized graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)-prophylaxis trials have failed to demonstrate reduced incidence and severity of chronic GVHD (cGVHD). Here we reanalyzed and updated a randomized phase 3 trial comparing standard GVHD prophylaxis with or without pretransplantation ATG-Fresenius (ATG-F) in 201 adult patients receiving myeloablative conditioning before transplantation from unrelated donors. The cumulative incidence of extensive cGVHD after 3 years was 12.2% in the ATG-F group versus 45.0% in the control group (P < .0001). The 3-year cumulative incidence of relapse and of nonrelapse mortality was 32.6% and 19.4% in the ATG-F group and 28.2% and 33.5% in the contr…

Standard graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis with or without anti-T-cell globulin in haematopoietic cell transplantation from matched unrelated don…

2009

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation from unrelated donors. Anti-T-cell globulins (ATGs) might lower the incidence of GVHD. We did a prospective, randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase 3 trial to compare standard GVHD prophylaxis with ciclosporin and methotrexate with or without anti-Jurkat ATG-Fresenius (ATG-F).Between May 26, 2003, and Feb 8, 2007, 202 patients with haematological malignancies were centrally randomly assigned using computer-generated centre-stratified block randomisation between treatment groups receiving ciclosporin and methotrexate with or without additional ATG-F. One patie…

Rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin in liver transplantation: All that glitters is not gold, but 1000 patients are so many to dazzle

2012

Biochemical analysis of class II antigens. Identification of a two- and a three-polypeptide chain complex of I-A locus equivalent molecules in the ra…

1983

The polypeptide chain composition of class II antigens from LEW rat spleen cells was studied utilizing cross-reactive mouse alloantiserum A. TH anti-A.TL (specificity anti-Iak) and the monoclonal antibodies MRC-OX6 and MRC-OX3 for immunoprecipitation. Two-dimensional gel mapping of A. TH anti-A. TL immunoprecipitates revealed that, as in the mouse, two groups of class II antigens exist corresponding to I-A and I-E locus equivalent structures. In the absence of reducing agents three monomeric chains α, 36 kDa (p36); γ, 33 kDa (p33); and β, 23 kDa (p23), were detected for I-A equivalent antigens, whereas I-E equivalent molecules separated into five monomeric chains: α, 37 kDa (p37); γ, 33 kDa…

MHC class II genes influence the susceptibility to chronic active hepatitis C

1997

Chronic hepatitis C develops in more than 70% of hepatitis C virus infected subjects. Viral factors influence the disease course, but little is known about the importance of host factors.Frequencies of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II antigens were analyzed in two groups of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection and in control subjects. MHC class I typing was done by standard microlymphocytotoxicity assays. DRB1 and DQA1 genotyping was done by PCR based typing methods.DRB1*0301 was found in 26 of 75 patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection (34.7%) and in 12 of 101 control subjects (11.9%) (relative risk 3.9; p0.001). Homozygosity for this allel…

Preclinical report on allogeneic uterus transplantation in non-human primates

2013

Study question Is it possible to perform allogeneic uterus transplantation (UTx) with a donation from a live donor in a non-human primate species and what immunosuppression is needed to prevent rejection? Summary answer Allogeneic UTx in the baboon is a donor- and recipient-safe surgical procedure; immunosuppression with induction therapy and a triple protocol should be used. What is known already UTx may become a treatment for absolute uterine factor infertility. Autologous UTx models have been developed in non-human primates with reports on long-term survival of the uterine grafts. STUDY DESIGN, SIZEAND DURATION: This experimental study included 18 female baboons as uterus donors and 18 f…

Humoral Mechanisms in T cell Vaccination: Induction and Functional Characterization of Anti-lymphocytic Autoantibodies

1997

T cell vaccination, the application of syngeneic attenuated T cells, has been shown to prevent effectively and treat experimental autoimmune diseases, but its mechanisms of action are poorly understood. Here we present data on the induction of a humoral anti-T cell response by T cell vaccination, capable of strongly inhibiting T cell proliferation and of ameliorating experimental autoimmune disease. T cell vaccination in the Lewis rat induced autoantibodies reactive with several syngeneic T cell proteins. These autoantibodies were not detectable in normal Lewis sera as assessed by immunoblotting and flow cytometry with intact syngeneic T cells. The autoantibody reactivity was not restricted…

T cell factor (interleukin 2) allows in vivo induction of T helper cells against heterologous erythrocytes in athymic (nu/nu) mice.

1980

Mice carrying the nude mutation (nu/nu) lack a functioning thymus and do not contain detectable levels of immunocompetent T cells. We now report that nu/nu mice do have lymphocytes which can be activated in vivo by heterologous erythrocytes and a Lyt-1 T cell-derived factor (interleukin 2) to generate T helper cells. Thus, a lymphokine is described which is able to restore in vivo T helper cell immunocompetence of nu/nu mice. The data may suggest that nu/nu mice contain a low number of T lymphocytes influenced by the cystic remnant of the nu/nu thymus anlage. Alternatively, the data imply that interleukin 2 circumvents the requirement of a thymus during ontogeny of T lymphocytes.